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Cotton lint quality and yield development in Southern Russia |
| Dr. Grigoryev S.V. |
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Materials and methods
The main part of accessions used in the research are lines of G.hirsutum L. which have been obtained through intraspecific hybridization. Introducing materials have been integrate studied in Astrakhan province (Southern Russia).
Traits of resistance to wilt, pests, watering minimization and salinity tolerance have been observed. Best plants, as a base of stocks, have been selected since 1997. Phytopatology observations have been performed by Prof. Nina Grin'ko. Field research has been carried out in delta of Volga in Astrakhan province.
Dense soil salt residuals was estimated as 0.720 %, and concentration of chloride-ions 0.116 % in arable level ( in assistance with Dr. N.Antipenko).
Results and discussions
The nature of limiting factors of crop cultivation in South of Russian Federation, estimation of allogamy and erosion prevention of genetic integrity [photos 1-2] have been studied since 1997. Field afflicting by pests and V. dahliae Kleb. [Photo 3] were estimated and sources of tolerance were selected.
Afflicting cotton by Colletotrichum and Stemphillium [Photo4] was observed as well.
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| Photo 1 |
Photo 2 |
Photo 3 |
Photo 4 |
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Photo 5 |
Photo 6 |
The mean row cotton yield varied from 11.8 to 23.9 grams per plant [foto 5 & 6] . The maximum was 54.3 g/plant, table 1.
Table 1. Raw cotton yield and ripening of breeding stocks, 120 days after sowing, Astrakhan prov., Russia.
| Lines |
Harvest |
% of ripined plants |
| Raw cotton, g/plant |
Lint, g/plant |
| Mean |
Max |
| 105 |
11.8 |
33.6 |
4.3 |
93 |
| 114 * |
13.6 |
20.8 |
5.2 |
50 |
| 2024 |
17.3 |
43.0 |
5.8 |
100 |
| Ro3 |
15.7 |
29.6 |
6.0 |
95 |
| 43 |
14.2 |
19.6 |
6.3 |
90 |
| 87 |
17.9 |
26.5 |
6.6 |
80 |
| 37 |
17.8 |
20.2 |
7.1 |
100 |
| 98 |
23.9 |
44.2 |
7.7 |
100 |
| 74 |
21.3 |
54.3 |
7.9 |
96 |
| 89 |
17.1 |
21.3 |
8.2 |
75 |
| 45 |
22.2 |
27.0 |
8.3 |
90 |
| 102 |
16.2 |
23.6 |
9.3 |
94 |
* - line with brown colored lint.
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Cotton lint was estimated in system of HVI 900 (Drs. Maslova N. and Sergeev K.) and summarized in table 2.
The lint length (UHML) varied from 26.7 to 30.6. Line 114 has short and coarse brown fibre [Photo 7], but the row yield varied from 13.6 to 20.8 g/plant.
On photo 8 the lint color variability of different lines, Astrakhan province, shown.
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| Photo 7 |
Photo 8 |
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The lint of all tested stocks have high and very high uniformity of length - from 82.8 to 87.8% (Unf. index).
Strength of fibers was estimated as good. Lines 45 and 74 have the best strength over tested samples - 33.1 and 34.2 g/tex, respectively.
Index Elg is the measure of elongation of cotton fibre at the moment of break. This is the measure of spinning ability of fibre. The deformation ability of lint of all tested lines is normal.
Micronaire - the characteristic of fineness and ripeness of lint. This index varied from 3.7, to 5.1.
Table 2. Lint quality (tested in Uster HVI 900 SA) of breeding lines of VIR grown in Astrakhan prov. (Southern Russia), 2003
| Lines |
UHML1 |
Unf2 |
Str3 |
Elg4 |
Mic5 |
Rd6 |
+b7 |
CG8 |
According to standards
of Uzbekistan O’zDSt604-2001 |
| 105 |
30.6 |
87.5 |
25.7 |
6.3 |
4.0 |
74.3 |
10.0 |
32-1 |
3 |
| 102 |
29.8 |
87.8 |
26.0 |
6.3 |
4.4 |
74.7 |
9.3 |
31-4 |
4 |
| 112 |
29.7 |
86.4 |
27.7 |
6.3 |
3.9 |
76.0 |
9.6 |
21-4 |
4 |
| 43 |
29.6 |
87.2 |
28.4 |
6.3 |
4.5 |
78.9 |
8.7 |
21-2 |
4 |
| 37 |
29.6 |
86.6 |
28.6 |
6.5 |
4.4 |
77.1 |
8.8 |
31-3 |
4 |
| 109 |
28.7 |
85.0 |
28.8 |
6.6 |
4.4 |
75.4 |
9.9 |
21-4 |
4 |
| 130 |
28.7 |
88.0 |
30.8 |
5.8 |
4.7 |
74.1 |
9.0 |
31-4 |
4 |
| 45 |
28.4 |
87.8 |
33.1 |
6.0 |
4.8 |
76.2 |
9.0 |
31-3 |
4 |
| 107 |
28.4 |
85.9 |
28.1 |
5.9 |
4.3 |
73.9 |
10.4 |
32-1 |
4 |
| 74 |
28.4 |
86.3 |
34.2 |
6.4 |
5.1 |
73.0 |
9.5 |
32-2 |
5 |
| 89 |
27.9 |
86.6 |
27.6 |
6.2 |
3.7 |
75.3 |
9.1 |
31-3 |
5 |
| 129 |
27.9 |
87.0 |
25.0 |
6.6 |
4.4 |
77.6 |
9.2 |
21-4 |
5 |
| 87 |
27.1 |
87.8 |
32.0 |
6.7 |
4.6 |
73.0 |
8.2 |
41-3 |
5 |
| 98 |
26.7 |
84.3 |
28.0 |
6.4 |
4.5 |
75.4 |
9.2 |
31-3 |
5 |
| 114 9 |
22.2 |
82.8 |
23.4 |
5.8 |
5.3 |
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Out of st. |
1 - Upper Half Mean Length.
2 - Uniformity.
3 - Strength.
4 - Elongation.
5 - Micronaire.
6 - Reflectance.
7 - Yellowness.
8 - Color and trash (USDA).
9 - Brown colored lint.
Topic related bibliography
- Grigoryev S. Genotypic variability and selection in hybrid populations of cotton // Works on applied botany, genetics and plant breeding. - 1999. VIR. - Vol. 156, P. 84-89 (in Russian).
- Grigoryev S. Problems of maintenance of genetical integrity of cotton accessions // Proceedings of International Cooperative Research Network on Cotton, Adana, Turkey, 2000.
- Grigoryev S. et al. Phene collection of cotton G. hirsutum L. in South of Russia// Genetic resources of cultivated plants. Proceedings of conference. 2001-VIR. - P. 110-112 (in Russian).
- Grigoryev S. Estimation of cotton allogamy and problems of keeping of genetic integrity accessions, reproduced ex situ. // Genetic resources of cultivated plants. Proceedings of conference. 2001-VIR. - P. 265-267 (in Russian).
Contributed from: Grigoryev S. // Problems of efficient usage of plant resources. Proceedings of scientific conference. - 2004. - Vladikavkaz. P. 245-247 (in Russian).
| Cotton lint quality and yield development in Southern Russia |
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